Sura Muhammad
47
Introduction of Surah
Muhammad is the 47th sura of the Qur’an, titled with the Holy Prophet’s name ‘Muhammad (blessings and peace be upon him)’. The title is derived from the 2nd verse, which refers to the truth revealed upon the Holy Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him). The sura belongs to the Medinan period and comprises 38 verses, 539 words, 2,349 letters, and 4 segments. It is the 95th sura in chronological order, revealed after Sura al-Hadid. The sura begins by warning that the deeds of those who disbelieve and hinder others from the path of truth will be in vain. Following this, the sura details a set of instructions to the believers about the rules and etiquettes of fighting, and regulations regarding the prisoners of war and their freedoms, either as an act of grace or by ransom. The sura also notably states that those martyred in the cause of God Almighty will be admitted into Paradise. Moving forward, the sura provides warnings to the disbelievers and describes the charming rewards for the righteous believers. It follows with a detailed description of Paradise, where rivers of fresh water, milk, pure wine, and delicious honey will flow, contrasting the boiling water fed to the sinful in Hell. The sura also states the qualities of the hypocrites, including mockery, following low desires, cowardice, corruption, temptation and cutting kinship ties. As the sura concludes it describes the reason behind testing the faith of the believers; to establish their steadfastness on the right path and to make this known. The sura ends with a note that God Almighty invites people to give charity and donate from their wealth in the way of God, whereas, those who resent and act miserly cause harm to themselves.
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In the Name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the All-Merciful
ﭚﭛﭜﭝﭞﭟﭠﭡﭢﭣﭤﭥﭦﭧﭨﭩﭪﭫﭬﭭ
47:2. But those who believe, perform righteous deeds and believe in what is revealed to Muhammad (blessings and peace be upon him)—and it is the truth from their Lord—He will absolve them of their faults and improve their condition.
والذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات وآمنوا بما نزل على محمد وهو الحق من ربهم كفر عنهم سيئاتهم وأصلح بالهم
(Muhammad, 47 : 2)
ﭮﭯﭰﭱﭲﭳﭴﭵﭶﭷﭸﭹﭺﭻﭼﭽﭾﭿﮀﮁ
47:3. That is because the disbelievers follow falsehood, whereas the believers follow the truth from their Lord. That is how Allah sets forth for people their examples.
ذلك بأن الذين كفروا اتبعوا الباطل وأن الذين آمنوا اتبعوا الحق من ربهم كذلك يضرب الله للناس أمثالهم
(Muhammad, 47 : 3)
ﮂﮃﮄﮅﮆﮇﮈﮉﮊﮋﮌﮍﮎﮏﮐﮑﮒﮓﮔﮕﮖﮗﮘﮙﮚﮛﮜﮝﮞﮟﮠﮡﮢﮣﮤﮥﮦﮧﮨﮩﮪ
47:4. So when you encounter the (combatant) disbelievers (on the battlefield), strike their necks. When you overcome them, (make them prisoners and) bind them firmly (to stop them from creating disorder). After that, either oblige them (by releasing them) as a favour or for ransom until the war lays down its burdens (i.e. the war ends and a truce is announced). That (is Allah’s ordinance). And had Allah willed, He could have taken vengeance on them (without war). But (He did not do so) to test some of you through others. But for those who were martyred in the way of Allah, He will never render their deeds void.
فإذا لقيتم الذين كفروا فضرب الرقاب حتى إذا أثخنتموهم فشدوا الوثاق فإما منا بعد وإما فداء حتى تضع الحرب أوزارها ذلك ولو يشاء الله لانتصر منهم ولكن ليبلو بعضكم ببعض والذين قتلوا في سبيل الله فلن يضل أعمالهم
(Muhammad, 47 : 4)
ﯯﯰﯱﯲﯳﯴﯵﯶﯷﯸﯹﯺﯻﯼﯽﯾﯿﰀﰁﰂ
47:10. Have they not travelled throughout the land and seen how those before them met their end? Allah brought destruction upon them, and a similar (fate) awaits the disbelievers.
أفلم يسيروا في الأرض فينظروا كيف كان عاقبة الذين من قبلهم دمر الله عليهم وللكافرين أمثالها
(Muhammad, 47 : 10)
ﭑﭒﭓﭔﭕﭖﭗﭘﭙﭚﭛﭜﭝﭞﭟﭠﭡﭢﭣﭤﭥﭦﭧﭨ
47:12. Allah will surely admit those who believe and perform righteous deeds into Gardens with rivers flowing beneath them. As for the disbelievers, they enjoy themselves and eat just like the beasts eat, but the Fire will be their (final) abode.
إن الله يدخل الذين آمنوا وعملوا الصالحات جنات تجري من تحتها الأنهار والذين كفروا يتمتعون ويأكلون كما تأكل الأنعام والنار مثوى لهم
(Muhammad, 47 : 12)
ﮆﮇﮈﮉﮊﮋﮌﮍﮎﮏﮐﮑﮒﮓﮔﮕﮖﮗﮘﮙﮚﮛﮜﮝﮞﮟﮠﮡﮢﮣﮤﮥﮦﮧﮨﮩﮪﮫﮬﮭﮮﮯﮰﮱﯓﯔﯕﯖ
47:15. (Here is) a description of Paradise promised to the God-conscious: rivers of water forever pure; rivers of fresh milk unchanging in taste (and flavour); rivers of wine, a delight for the drinkers; and rivers of purified honey. And there, they will find fruit of every kind and (pleasing) forgiveness from their Lord. How can they be compared with those permanently stuck in the Fire, given boiling water to drink, which tears their bowels (into pieces)?
مثل الجنة التي وعد المتقون فيها أنهار من ماء غير آسن وأنهار من لبن لم يتغير طعمه وأنهار من خمر لذة للشاربين وأنهار من عسل مصفى ولهم فيها من كل الثمرات ومغفرة من ربهم كمن هو خالد في النار وسقوا ماء حميما فقطع أمعاءهم
(Muhammad, 47 : 15)
ﯗﯘﯙﯚﯛﯜﯝﯞﯟﯠﯡﯢﯣﯤﯥﯦﯧﯨﯩﯪﯫﯬﯭﯮﯯﯰ
47:16. Among them are some who seek to listen to you (O Prophet). But when they depart from your presence, they say (mockingly) to those given knowledge: ‘What did he say just now?’ These are the ones whose hearts Allah has sealed, and they (only) follow their desires.
ومنهم من يستمع إليك حتى إذا خرجوا من عندك قالوا للذين أوتوا العلم ماذا قال آنفا أولئك الذين طبع الله على قلوبهم واتبعوا أهواءهم
(Muhammad, 47 : 16)
ﯸﯹﯺﯻﯼﯽﯾﯿﰀﰁﰂﰃﰄﰅﰆﰇﰈﰉ
47:18. Are they awaiting anything except that the Hour should come upon them suddenly? Indeed, (some of) its signs have already come. But once it has arrived upon them, will it not be too late to be mindful of advice?
فهل ينظرون إلا الساعة أن تأتيهم بغتة فقد جاء أشراطها فأنى لهم إذا جاءتهم ذكراهم
(Muhammad, 47 : 18)
ﰊﰋﰌﰍﰎﰏﰐﰑﰒﰓﰔﰕﰖﰗﰘﰙ
47:19. Know that there is no god except Allah, and (O Prophet!) seek (Allah’s) protection from any action unworthy of your esteemed station. And (also) seek (His) pardon for the believing men and the believing women. And (O people!) Allah fully knows (about) your movements and your final abode (in the Hereafter).
* Given that the action may be a pious deed compatible with Islamic law, rather an act par excellence, your august station, majesty and exaltation is far elevated and dignified than mere permissibility and higher grades of moral excellence.
فاعلم أنه لا إله إلا الله واستغفر لذنبك وللمؤمنين والمؤمنات والله يعلم متقلبكم ومثواكم
(Muhammad, 47 : 19)
ﭑﭒﭓﭔﭕﭖﭗﭘﭙﭚﭛﭜﭝﭞﭟﭠﭡﭢﭣﭤﭥﭦﭧﭨﭩﭪﭫﭬﭭﭮﭯ
47:20. The believers say: ‘If only a sura (i.e. a Qur’anic Chapter) was revealed (allowing fighting for self-defence).’ But when a decisive sura is revealed, in which (defensive) fighting is (clearly) mentioned, you see those with sickness in their hearts staring at you with the look of someone fainting at death. More fitting for them (would be)
ويقول الذين آمنوا لولا نزلت سورة فإذا أنزلت سورة محكمة وذكر فيها القتال رأيت الذين في قلوبهم مرض ينظرون إليك نظر المغشي عليه من الموت فأولى لهم
(Muhammad, 47 : 20)
ﭑﭒﭓﭔﭕﭖﭗﭘﭙﭚﭛﭜﭝﭞﭟ
47:30. And if We wish, We will show these (hypocrites) to you (in such a manner) that you may recognise them by their marks. And you will certainly recognise them by their tone of speech. And Allah (fully) knows your actions.
ولو نشاء لأريناكهم فلعرفتهم بسيماهم ولتعرفنهم في لحن القول والله يعلم أعمالكم
(Muhammad, 47 : 30)
ﭩﭪﭫﭬﭭﭮﭯﭰﭱﭲﭳﭴﭵﭶﭷﭸﭹﭺﭻﭼﭽﭾ
47:32. Indeed, those who disbelieve, bar (others) from Allah’s path and oppose the Messenger (blessings and peace be upon him) after guidance has become clear to them will not be able to harm Allah in the least. And He shall render their deeds void.
* According to the leading exegetes like al-Tabari, al-Baydawi, al-Alusi, al-Haqqi, al-Jumal, Ibn ‘Ujayba, etc., there are many examples of this style of exposition in the Holy Qur’an such as verse 9 of Sura al-Baqara. Here the words, ‘They want to deceive Allah’ imply: ‘They want to deceive the Holy Messenger (blessings and peace be upon him).’
إن الذين كفروا وصدوا عن سبيل الله وشاقوا الرسول من بعد ما تبين لهم الهدى لن يضروا الله شيئا وسيحبط أعمالهم
(Muhammad, 47 : 32)
ﮛﮜﮝﮞﮟﮠﮡﮢﮣﮤﮥﮦﮧ
47:35. (O believers!) Do not lose heart (during your struggle), nor cry for peace (showing your weakness); you will have the upper hand, and Allah is with you. And He will never deprive you (of the reward) of your efforts.
فلا تهنوا وتدعوا إلى السلم وأنتم الأعلون والله معكم ولن يتركم أعمالكم
(Muhammad, 47 : 35)
ﮨﮩﮪﮫﮬﮭﮮﮯﮰﮱﯓﯔﯕﯖﯗ
47:36. The worldly life is nothing but play and amusement. But if you believe (in Allah) and remain God-conscious, He will give you your rewards and will not ask you for your wealth (in return).
إنما الحياة الدنيا لعب ولهو وإن تؤمنوا وتتقوا يؤتكم أجوركم ولا يسألكم أموالكم
(Muhammad, 47 : 36)
ﯟﯠﯡﯢﯣﯤﯥﯦﯧﯨﯩﯪﯫﯬﯭﯮﯯﯰﯱﯲﯳﯴﯵﯶﯷﯸﯹﯺﯻﯼﯽﯾﯿ
