al-Isra’ is the 17th sura of the Qur’an, which means the ‘The Night Journey’ and belongs to the Meccan period. It comprises 111 verses, 1,563 words, 6,460 letters, and 12 segments.

It is the 50th sura in chronological order, revealed after Sura al-Qasas (The Story). al-Isra’ derives its name from the first verse, which refers to the Night Journey of the Holy Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him) from al-Masjid al-Haram of Mecca to al-Masjid al-Aqsa of Jerusalem, then his Ascension (al-Mir‘aj) above the heavens, where he finally came within two bows’ length of God Himself or nearer. These details are mentioned in the Holy Qur’an, 53:1–18.

The sura is also called Sura Bani Isra’il, which means ‘The Chapter of the Children of Israel.’ It takes this name from the subject matter of verses 2–8 and 101–104, which mention the accounts and commandments revealed regarding the Children of Israel. This sura contains several themes common to later Meccan suras, including reference to God’s absolute power over the world and repeated warnings to the disbelievers about the divine punishment on the earth or in the Hereafter. It further mentions criticism of the polytheists, who ascribe partners and daughters to God, and their mockery of Qur’anic revelations and resurrection for the Day of Final Judgement.

This sura also relates the polytheists’ meaningless demands from the Holy Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him) to determine his truthfulness. It also urges believers to be virtuous and charitable and avoid idolatry, human killing, adultery, corruption, dishonesty, arrogance, and curiosity. It further provides instructions regarding honouring and caring for parents with respect and mercy, protecting orphans, each other’s rights, fulfilling pledges and promises, maintaining justice and fairness and complying with the commandments of God. This sura especially introduces the Holy Qur’an as a great favour of God Almighty, healing and mercy for humankind. It gives brief accounts of certain former Messengers and Prophets (peace be upon them), including an account of Prophet Adam’s creation and the rebellion of Iblis. It also narrates the nine miraculous signs given to Prophet Musa (peace be upon him) and details regarding Prophet Musa’s confrontation with the Pharaoh and the deliverance of the Israelites from the Pharaoh’s terrible slavery and subjugation.