Sura al-Mumtahana
60
Introduction of Surah
al-Mumtahana is the 60th sura of the Qur’an, which means ‘The Tested One’. It takes its name from 10th verse, which advises that the believing women among new emigrants should be tested regarding the truthfulness of their beliefs. The sura belongs to the Medinan period and comprises 13 verses, 340 words, 1,510 letters, and 2 segments. It is the 91st sura in chronological order, revealed after Sura al-Ahzab. The sura deals with problems that arose after the Treaty of Hudaybiya. The chapter speaks about those who ally with the enemy, stating yesterday’s enemy can be tomorrow’s friends. The chapter proceeds with a de-scription of Prophet Ibrahim (Abraham [peace be upon him]) as an excellent example for the believers. The chapter further discusses the importance of adopting kindness and justice when dealing with non-combatant disbelievers. The sura further provides rulings regarding marriages of female emigrants, the just payment of dowries, verifying the credibility of the pledge of allegiance, and emphasises not trusting betraying enemies.
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In the Name of Allah, the Most Compassionate, the All-Merciful
ﭑﭒﭓﭔﭕﭖﭗﭘﭙﭚﭛﭜﭝﭞﭟﭠﭡﭢﭣﭤﭥﭦﭧﭨﭩﭪﭫﭬﭭﭮﭯﭰﭱﭲﭳﭴﭵﭶﭷﭸﭹﭺﭻﭼﭽﭾﭿﮀﮁﮂﮃﮄ
60:1. O believers! Do not take My enemy and your enemy as trusted allies, conveying to them (secret news of the Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him) and the believers) because of your intimate affection (with them). (In contrast,) they have rejected the truth that has come to you, expelling the Messenger (blessings and peace be upon him) and you (from your homeland) simply because you believe in Allah, your Lord. If you have emigrated (from Mecca), striving in My path and seeking My good pleasure (then how can you take them as trusted allies)? You secretly disclose (the believers’ news) to them because of your intimate affection, while I know best whatever you conceal and whatever you reveal. And whoever among you does this has certainly strayed from the right way.*
* This verse was reportedly revealed concerning Hatib b. Abi Balta‘a, who sent a letter to the Quraysh of Mecca that was later intercepted by the efforts of some Companions. This letter contained information about the Prophet’s plan of marching upon Mecca. During the interrogation, he told the Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him) that he did it because he had allied with the Quraysh to obtain assistance from them. Hence, this commandment prohibited choosing an alliance with the disbelievers over the alliance of the Prophet (blessings and peace be upon him) and the believers.
يا أيها الذين آمنوا لا تتخذوا عدوي وعدوكم أولياء تلقون إليهم بالمودة وقد كفروا بما جاءكم من الحق يخرجون الرسول وإياكم أن تؤمنوا بالله ربكم إن كنتم خرجتم جهادا في سبيلي وابتغاء مرضاتي تسرون إليهم بالمودة وأنا أعلم بما أخفيتم وما أعلنتم ومن يفعله منكم فقد ضل سواء السبيل
(al-Mumtahana, 60 : 1)
ﮅﮆﮇﮈﮉﮊﮋﮌﮍﮎﮏﮐﮑﮒ
60:2. If they get (a chance) to prevail over you, they will be your (open) enemies and stretch out their hands and their tongues against you with evil intentions. And they eagerly desire that you renounce your faith.
إن يثقفوكم يكونوا لكم أعداء ويبسطوا إليكم أيديهم وألسنتهم بالسوء وودوا لو تكفرون
(al-Mumtahana, 60 : 2)
ﮣﮤﮥﮦﮧﮨﮩﮪﮫﮬﮭﮮﮯﮰﮱﯓﯔﯕﯖﯗﯘﯙﯚﯛﯜﯝﯞﯟﯠﯡﯢﯣﯤﯥﯦﯧﯨﯩﯪﯫﯬﯭﯮﯯﯰﯱﯲﯳﯴﯵﯶﯷﯸﯹ
60:4. Indeed, there is an excellent example for you in Ibrahim (Abraham) and those with him when they said to their people: ‘We disown you and whatever (idols) you worship besides Allah. We have rejected you all. And enmity and hatred have appeared between you and us forever until you believe in Allah alone.’ The only exception was Ibrahim’s (Abraham’s) saying to his (foster) father: ‘I will surely seek forgiveness for you, though I cannot protect you from (the punishment of) Allah.’ (The believers said:) ‘Our Lord! In You (alone), we trust. To You (alone), we turn penitently. And towards You (alone) is the final destination.
قد كانت لكم أسوة حسنة في إبراهيم والذين معه إذ قالوا لقومهم إنا برءاؤا منكم ومما تعبدون من دون الله كفرنا بكم وبدا بيننا وبينكم العداوة والبغضاء أبدا حتى تؤمنوا بالله وحده إلا قول إبراهيم لأبيه لأستغفرن لك وما أملك لك من الله من شيء ربنا عليك توكلنا وإليك أنبنا وإليك المصير
(al-Mumtahana, 60 : 4)
ﭑﭒﭓﭔﭕﭖﭗﭘﭙﭚﭛﭜﭝﭞﭟﭠﭡﭢﭣﭤﭥ
60:6. Indeed, there is an excellent example in them for you (to adopt) for whoever looks forward to Allah and the Last Day. But whoever turns away (should know that) Allah is the All-Sufficient, the All-Praiseworthy.
لقد كان لكم فيهم أسوة حسنة لمن كان يرجو الله واليوم الآخر ومن يتول فإن الله هو الغني الحميد
(al-Mumtahana, 60 : 6)
ﭦﭧﭨﭩﭪﭫﭬﭭﭮﭯﭰﭱﭲﭳﭴﭵﭶﭷﭸ
60:7. Allah may still bring about affection between you and those among them whom you (presently) hold as enemies. And Allah is All-Capable, and Allah is All-Forgiving, All-Merciful.
عسى الله أن يجعل بينكم وبين الذين عاديتم منهم مودة والله قدير والله غفور رحيم
(al-Mumtahana, 60 : 7)
ﭹﭺﭻﭼﭽﭾﭿﮀﮁﮂﮃﮄﮅﮆﮇﮈﮉﮊﮋﮌﮍﮎﮏ
60:8. Allah does not forbid you, regarding those who have not fought you on account of (your) religion, nor expelled you from your homes, from treating them kindly and being just towards them. Indeed, Allah loves those who are just.
لا ينهاكم الله عن الذين لم يقاتلوكم في الدين ولم يخرجوكم من دياركم أن تبروهم وتقسطوا إليهم إن الله يحب المقسطين
(al-Mumtahana, 60 : 8)
ﮐﮑﮒﮓﮔﮕﮖﮗﮘﮙﮚﮛﮜﮝﮞﮟﮠﮡﮢﮣﮤﮥﮦ
60:9. Allah only forbids you to take those as allies who fought you because of (your) religion and expelled you from your homes or supported (others) in your expulsion. Whoever takes them as trusted friends (or allies), they are the wrongdoers.
إنما ينهاكم الله عن الذين قاتلوكم في الدين وأخرجوكم من دياركم وظاهروا على إخراجكم أن تولوهم ومن يتولهم فأولئك هم الظالمون
(al-Mumtahana, 60 : 9)
ﮧﮨﮩﮪﮫﮬﮭﮮﮯﮰﮱﯓﯔﯕﯖﯗﯘﯙﯚﯛﯜﯝﯞﯟﯠﯡﯢﯣﯤﯥﯦﯧﯨﯩﯪﯫﯬﯭﯮﯯﯰﯱﯲﯳﯴﯵﯶﯷﯸﯹﯺﯻﯼﯽﯾﯿﰀﰁﰂﰃﰄﰅﰆﰇﰈ
60:10. O believers! When believing women come to you as emigrants, test their intentions. Allah knows best (the state of) their faith. Then, if you ascertain them to be faithful women, do not send them back to the disbelievers. These women are not lawful for those (idolators), nor are they lawful for them. And repay the disbelievers whatever (dowries) they have paid (to these believing women). There is no sin upon you in marrying them when you have given them their bridal gifts. Do not hold to the (marital) ties with disbelieving women. And demand (the disbelievers for repayment of) whatever you have spent (upon them as dowries), and let the disbelievers demand you for whatever they have spent. That is Allah’s judgement; He judges between you. And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.
يا أيها الذين آمنوا إذا جاءكم المؤمنات مهاجرات فامتحنوهن الله أعلم بإيمانهن فإن علمتموهن مؤمنات فلا ترجعوهن إلى الكفار لا هن حل لهم ولا هم يحلون لهن وآتوهم ما أنفقوا ولا جناح عليكم أن تنكحوهن إذا آتيتموهن أجورهن ولا تمسكوا بعصم الكوافر واسألوا ما أنفقتم وليسألوا ما أنفقوا ذلكم حكم الله يحكم بينكم والله عليم حكيم
(al-Mumtahana, 60 : 10)
ﰉﰊﰋﰌﰍﰎﰏﰐﰑﰒﰓﰔﰕﰖﰗﰘﰙﰚﰛﰜﰝﰞﰟ
60:11. If any of your wives deserts you, going over to the disbelievers, and later you acquire the spoils of war (from them), then pay those (idolators) whose wives have deserted them the equivalent of whatever (dowry) they had paid. And be God-conscious in Whom you are believers.
وإن فاتكم شيء من أزواجكم إلى الكفار فعاقبتم فآتوا الذين ذهبت أزواجهم مثل ما أنفقوا واتقوا الله الذي أنتم به مؤمنون
(al-Mumtahana, 60 : 11)
ﭑﭒﭓﭔﭕﭖﭗﭘﭙﭚﭛﭜﭝﭞﭟﭠﭡﭢﭣﭤﭥﭦﭧﭨﭩﭪﭫﭬﭭﭮﭯﭰﭱﭲﭳﭴﭵﭶﭷﭸﭹ
60:12. O Prophet! When believing women come to you, pledging to you that they will not associate anything with Allah (in worship), nor steal, nor commit adultery, nor kill their children, nor falsely attribute (any illegitimate) child to their husbands, nor disobey you in whatever is honourable, then accept their allegiance and plead to Allah for their forgiveness. Indeed, Allah is Most-Forgiving, All-Merciful.
يا أيها النبي إذا جاءك المؤمنات يبايعنك على أن لا يشركن بالله شيئا ولا يسرقن ولا يزنين ولا يقتلن أولادهن ولا يأتين ببهتان يفترينه بين أيديهن وأرجلهن ولا يعصينك في معروف فبايعهن واستغفر لهن الله إن الله غفور رحيم
(al-Mumtahana, 60 : 12)
ﭺﭻﭼﭽﭾﭿﮀﮁﮂﮃﮄﮅﮆﮇﮈﮉﮊﮋﮌﮍ
